An effort to explain the tedious process of MRCP(UK) certification.
Friday, August 22, 2014
Monday, August 11, 2014
Do you know any STEMI equivalent condition where there is no actuall ST elevation ?
Those who work in state of art cath labs as well ER probably familiar with this scenerio.
:de Winter ECG pattern is a STEMI equivalent that presents without obvious ST segment elevation.
Upsloping ST depression and peaked T waves in the precordial leads(V2-V6) and some times in I and II.
The de Winter pattern is an indication of Proximal LAD blockage and highly Underreported among clinicians( May be because it's relatively new and lack of expertise in EKG interpretation)
Don't delay in sending the patient directly to cath lab because it leads to catastrophic situation if you fail to send the pt for PCI .
Below is a good example of De winter t wave pattern .
Courtsey: Google Images
Most Important Biostatatistics topics frequently asked in MRCP part 1
Tuesday, August 5, 2014
Frequently asked Qs from Genetics and Molecular Biology in MRCP(UK) Part 1
You can expect 5 or 6 questions from these two Nagging subjects.
I will enlist the important concepts from these subjects below ,
1.i know it can be difficult to memorize the chromosomes involved in various imp genetic conditions but for the heck of MRCP 1 you may want to remember at least following diseases and chromosomes affected
NF1 and 2 , Down syndrome , klinfelter's syndrome ,cystic fibrosis , myotonic dystrophy ,ADPKD ,
Turner's syndrome and hemochromatosis.
2.there will be one or two question based on genetic inheritence mode and Autosomal dominant / mitochondrial inheritence are favorite of MRCP.
They may just ask you about what is the probability of being affeted
Or they can ask whether the proband will be affected or carrier.
Its tricky but its virtually always featured in exam.
3.you must know about some important phenomena in genetics such as pleiotropy , anticipitation ,imprinting ,
Hetroplasmy.
Qs are usually present as a clinical case such as a 35 years old male patient who is having abnormal jerking movement and also he is having psychomotor abnormalities ,cognitive decline, and patient also tells you that his father had similar symptoms at the age of 50 .you suspect it as Huntington's disease and test for CAG trinucleotide repeat sequence. Meanwhile patient asks you why he has developed this symptoms much earlier than his father???
So here the answer would be Anticipation.
This is just an example how royal college frame the genetics questions with a clinical flavor.
4.learn well about what kinda blotting we use for DNA ,RNA AND PROTEINS.
Southern and western blot is often asked.
5.get yourself familiar with the immunoglobulins atleast IgA ,IgG and IgM.
6.acute phase reactants are also asked often and ferritin and ceruloplasmin is imp one.
7.Dont waste time on PCR or Immunofluorescence assay or FISH etc .they dont expect you to know a lot about these stuffs.
8.important immunodeficiency conditions such as SCID ,common variable immunodeficiency , wiskot aldrich sundrome are important.
9.G6Pd deficiency is also very frequent
Question.
10.thalasemia and its subtype ie alpha and beta thalassemia can be asked.
Monday, August 4, 2014
Frequently asked Qs from Neurology in MRCP(UK) Part 1
Frequently asked Qs from Cardiology in MRCP(UK) Part 1
Cardiology is a very important speciality for both Part 1 and 2 exam so my suggestion is to understand it very well.
I will summarize some important concepts most frequently asked in Part 1 examination.
1. STEMI and NSTEMI (ACS) are highly important .
They may give you a scenerio of acute myocardial infarction and will ask the are of myocardium involved such as left ventricle (LAD) IN case of anterior lead involvement , inferior wall and SA node in case of II ,III and aVF leads etc.
Know the anatomy well.coz definitely there is one or 2 qs based on it will be in your exam.
2.how long you should give clopodogrel after drug eluting stent insertion.
3.how frequent restenosis and rethromnosis occurs ( after PCI and stenting)n patient with diabetes and without diabetes. ( very common scenerio in MRCP)
4. Learn in and out of CHF. You should be familiar with NYHA classification and must know when to add beta blocker or spironolactone in a CHF patient.its another sure shot for your exam.
5.you must know your antiarrhythmics and their side effects.
One fav question is a patient was started on Amiodarone for ventricular tachycardia and now after 2 years he complains that his skin color turned Grey----- photo toxicity of amiodarone
They may ask pt now complains the sweling around thyroid and palpitation---hyperthyroidism induced by Amiodarone as amiodarone has iodine(2/3 rd of its constituent)
Beta blockers side effect are also commonly asked .
They also trick you sometime by asking that a first trimester pt with PSVT is concern about aadenosine use on pregnancy --- reassure her that its very safe in pregnancy.
6.ACE inhibitors are very frequently asked may be becuse Diabetic Nephropathy is very imp in Uk and western hemisphere.
Read NICE guidelines about when to stop Ace inhibitors in case of increase cr level( if cr increses more than 30 percent).
Dont give Ace inh in pregnant and bilateral renostenosis.
7.dont treat CHB by any active intervention if its occurred after INF WALL MI as its gonna resolve once we take care the MI by eithe PCI OR Thrombolytics. But if its ant wall mi or lateral wall then go ahead with transvenous pacemaker as a bridging therapy of permanent pacemaker.
8.remember when to treat ectopic beats and when to reassure.Mrcp loves this
9.DVLA guidelines , specially post CABG , Post Pci , post STEMI
10.you may get ECG findings such as AVNT,PSVT,WPW, TORSADE.DE.POINTES etc and they may ask the treatment .( you dont get actual ecg picture but findings)
11. Treatment of hypertension In pregnancy is also a biggie.
12. Aortic dissection and whether to do surgical or medical management ? Stanford Type A vs Type B.
13.cholesterol embolism post Angigraphy is also commonly featured.
14.Blind treatment Aka empirical Tx of Subacute bacterial endocarditis I.e
Iv Benzyl penicillin plus gentamicin .
Don't jump to vancomycin until they specifically tell you its staphylococcus aureus. ( yes my friend I know you will say you need to add rifampicin with Vanco, thank you Genius)
15.transesophageal echo vs blood culture in SABE .
16.do always transthoracic Echo in case of HOCM , Transesophageal is not very ideal in case of ventricular pathology.
17.Brugada syndrome and arrhytmogenic ventricular dysplasia along with Long Qt syndrome is also good to have a a quick look.
18.Digoxin side effects.
19.Management of Afib is almost sure qs .you must know when to cardiovert .
20.duration of Warfarin use in various cardiovascular problems most imp one is DVT .learn It well.
21.learn ACLS guideline and various mode of Adrenaline administration such as iv vs io.
We always get some tricku qs based on ACLS guidelines such as what to do after 2 cycle of cpr , when to give Amiodarone , what should be concentration of Adrenaline , what should be mode of cardioversion ie synchronised vs asynchronised.
There will be 1 qs from this topic.
You dont have to remember the dosage so relax!
22.indication of ICD is also some times asked such as a pt with Hocm has non sustained arrhytmia or he was placed on beta blocker but he is having frquent syncope .what should be next step in management?
23.indications of pacemaker insertion .
24. When to treat aortic stenosis vs when to just observe .
Remember aymptomatic AS should always be treated with valvuloplasty no matter what is his aortic pressure gradient .
25.takayasu arteritis and kawasaki disease are favorite vascular disease of MRCP 1 .also syphilitic aortitis is sometimes been asked.
Saturday, August 2, 2014
My MRCP(UK) Part 2 Written Experience
I know my MRCP part 2 experience suppose to be posted here but I forgot,So here I would like to write my experience ( MRCP Part 2 written).
Time taken : approx 11 weeks
Materials Used: Passtest online
2/3 rd of Offline Onexam and MKSAP16 ( cardiology,gastro,neuro,Nephrology,Oncology,Critical care)
For pictorial questions I used American academy of ophthalmology website(they have excellent collection of Fundoscopic plates)
Radiopedia ,for cxr,ct,Mri,DSA.
Dermnet NZ website for skin conditions .
Don't neglect images as they almost comprise approx 40 qs,and they play an important role in pass or fail.
I have worked in CCU so I really didn't have to go through any book for EKG,but for easy understanding of EKG you may wana refer Lifeinfastlane website.its an excellent free source of important EKG seen in daily life practice.
Final Verdict: 661 (passing score was 425)
What you should do:- revise ,revise and revise .that's the golden rule.stick with limited resources and try to know in and out of that .Pastest fits the bill nicely and it's closest thing to the exam.
What you shouldn't do:- overthinking is highly injurious for your health
When you are in exam hall stop thinking that it's easy qs and it can't be the answer( you know very well what I am talking about;-)
Go with your hunch coz informations are in your subconscious mind and your brain tries to tell you that this is correct answer( and we call it gut feeling aka Hunch).
Minimize your resources if you can.
We all try to do as many question we can but important thing is to understand the core concepts,if you don't know the reason Behind doing MRV in pseudo motor tumor cerebrl ,I am afraid you won't be able to get it correct in exam ,because Royal college always twist the qs and one line can change the whole scenerio. So beware.
Don't use big text books ,coz this is MRCP Exam and here you need to to know concise and recent guideline sometimes recent as 2013.
Online qbank does the job.
I will end this long experience here with this message.
" life is complex and life of a physician is more complex.what can we do about this???? Nothing ..... But complaining is not a solution so no matter what are the difficulties in your life never let it become a hindrance between you and your goal,you worked hard for it and sooner or later you are gonna get it .don't get bogged down by critics,let them do their job and you do yours.work in silence and let your success do talking:)"
Best wishes,
Dr.Srivastava
Sunday, May 11, 2014
Neurology 1: For Part 2 MRCP
1.Impaired Upgaze is a normal phenomenon while downward gaze impairment with Parkinsonism indicates Progressive supra nuclear palsy(PSP)
2.DVLA Advocates for 6 months off from driving if patient had solitart unprovoked seizure.
This period extends to 3 years in case of multiple unprovoked seizure while asleep.
3.an adolescent patient presents with cerebellar signs such as gait disturbances, dysarthria ,nystagmus and her history reveals that her parent is epileptic --- MCC Of symptoms are phenytoin toxicity , patient has easy access to her parents epileptic medication and she is abusing it.
4.in comparatively younger patient who has early Parkinson's disease , always use Dopamine agonist such as Pramipexole over Levo Dopa.
5. Classical scenerio of a badminton or squash player who has suddenly fallen during game and complaints of aching pain in back of his head and neck( in some cases patient present with horner's and other neurological symptoms and in some with simply neck pain)------Carotid artery dissection.
6.even though if the level of total cholesterol is subnormal in TIA patient
Always put him on 40 mg simvastatin for secondary prevention of vascular events.
7.Painful third nerve palsies are a feature of aneurysms of posterior communicating artery. Other possible conditions which can cause are caroto-cavernous fistula and ischemic diabetic lesion ,however pain is less prominent feature in these two conditions .
8.Anterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion causes Lateral inferior pontine infarction which present as vertigo ,vomiting, horizontal and vertical nystagmus ,and ipsilateral nystagmus.ipsilaterallu LMN facial weakness ,paresis of conjugate lateral gaze ,cerebellar ataxia , horners and sometime deafness.
9.RIGHT INFERIOR DIVISION OF MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY occlusion lead to apractagnosia , anosgnosia ,unilateral neglect ,agnosia for the left half of external space , dressing apraxia and constructional apraxia.
10. An adolescent female presents with spells of ' staring and stuperness', fluttering of eyelids .episodes last for few minutes. Also complains of sudden shock like contractions of limbs.EEG reveals 4-6 hz irregular polyspike activity :- Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Treat with Valproic acid Indefinitely.
11.Stiff Person syndrome:-
Persistent spasm particularly of the proximal lower limbs and lumbar paraspinals lead to exaggerated lumbar lordosis.it has middle age ,insidious onset.muscle spasm usualy dosaapear while sleep and there is normal EMG.Absence of trismus differentiate it from Tetanus.
Thursday, May 1, 2014
Last 7 days of MRCP(UK) part 1 Prep:-
A. Keep doing questions you marked wrong on Passmedicine /Onexamination/pastest .
B. You don't need to read explanation extensively( in this phase) but try to skim through important details.
C.Don't forget to revise your notes in last 3 days(Kalra or Only MRCP notes you ever need)
D.avoid digging through extensive details of commonly asked topics.
E.Relax! It's just another exam.
Good luck!
Saturday, April 26, 2014
Pastest Vs.Onexamination Vs.Passmedicine
Reasons are pretty clear ,first is having little time on the board and second (most obvious ) is limited financial sources! So what we can do when we have no idea and there is no consensus on what to use ?
Well I would like to put my thoughts and comparison between these three most important resources available at the moment .
Pros and cons:
Pastest-
OnExamination.com-
Passmedicine.com-
Friday, April 25, 2014
Rare diseases :1
Madelung disease aka Benign symmetric lipomatosis :
It is a rare condition which is characterized by growth of fatty symmetric masses around neck ,upper arms and facial area.
This disease can cause the disfigurement of face .
The disease itself has a high male predilection and can be associated with serious respiratory conditions such as severe obstructive sleep apnea.
Photo Courtsey of : Google images
Thursday, April 24, 2014
What not to do for MRCP Part 1
MRCP (UK) Part 2
Part 2 preperation is a different ball game.
Here simply knowing stuff wont help you but you have to corelate it accordingly, you must be good at data interpretation, identifying important signs and symptoms, fluent in Xray and ekg interpretation, though you are not required to posses high skills in radiology but RCP does need you to know about imp CT scans,MRIs, Dexa scans, angioplasty etc.
What study material you should Use:
Unfortunately we don't have many quality online subscriptions available and the most important online qbank is Pastest , in comparison to onexamination.com(another qbank) it has tougher questions and pastest resembles closely to real questions.
Onexam is simply not good enough for part 2 as it has way off the topic questions.
You also need to see goggle images for pictorial questions as there will be 40 to 50 pictorial qs in the part 2 exam and usually it includes 4-5 ekg, 5-6 xray, 3-4 ct scan,1-2 dexa scan,1-2 angiography; 5-6 dermatology slides, few rheumatology slides and so on.
This is not exactly for everyone but this is the pattern asked in majority of question papers.
For ekg you should refer Hamptons's 150 ekg cases , its very good book and will take care of ekg section of mrcp .I have also found there are many online ekg libraries available and they have excellent collections.you may want ro refer them.
For radiology slide ,I would suggest ro read Radiopedia.com .it has vast collection of radio slides but all you need to see is important diseases such as Sarxoidosis, histoplasmosis, silicosis,asbestosis,tubercluosis, lung cancers; pan coast tumor,thymoma,inyerstitial pneumonia,ARDS,CHF,dilated cardiomyopathies, emphysema,pulmonary edema etc to name a few.
Last but not least is to get yourself familiar with route of administration of imp drugs such as during ACLS ,mode of ADRENALINE administration in case of no IV acess available, how do you inject adrenaline in anaphylaxis etc , its very common theme and often asked in exams.
You also need to know dosage of some important drugs such as digoxin, aldactone,lasix,amlodipine, azithromycin,augmentin , phenytoin ,etc.
How to study for Part 1
This Is called learning with ' Buzzwords' and 99% time buzzword technique works.
If you are following Passmedicine then do it in revision mode and try to read through elaborated explanations ,believe me in long run these explanations gonna help you big time.
MRCP(UK) Part 1 Examination:is it really tough?
I have frequently hear fellow coworkers and other doctors preparing for this exam saying 'omg it's so difficult' ," I have been reading kumar and Clark and still couldn't clear my exam" ,"I read whole Harrison's manual " .these lines often puzzled me and one question always arises !whether exam is difficult or you are not accessing proper study materials for exam?
Well I would like to explain how you can effectively study for the exam and pass it in short span,I
have been writing in various forums and many people have benefitted with my study plan for MRCP.
When you need to start :
Irrelevance of when you take the exams the study plan is some how same for old or new medical graduates.
Ideally Royal college of Physicians (UK) ,Recommends one should take MRCP Part 1 either in FY 2 or CT1 year and part 2 written before Starting CT2 but those (like me) who don't have any experience of UK ,taking MRCP at later stage is also not a bad idea.
What to read:
1.Passmedicine:- I can't emphasize enough about how much this online qbank is important for your preparation ,in fact it should be core of your studies for part 1 ,it has around 2400 top class question with excellent explanations.
2.the only MRCP note you ever need: